RabbitMQ安装

笔者是在CentOS环境下使用Docker安装RabbitMQ，简单快捷。

查询镜像

	docker search rabbitmq:management

	➜  ~ docker search rabbitmq:management
	NAME                                DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
	macintoshplus/rabbitmq-management   Based on rabbitmq:management whit python and…   10                   [OK]
	transmitsms/rabbitmq-sharded        Fork of rabbitmq:management with sharded_exc…   0
	yunyan2140/rabbitmq                 docker pull rabbitmq:management                 0
	➜  ~

获取镜像

	docker pull rabbitmq:management

运行镜像

	docker run -d -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 --name rabbitmq rabbitmq:management

访问管理界面

运行成功后，访问http://[宿主机IP]:15672，如何通过默认账号密码登录访问,账号和密码都是guest。

使用guest用户登录，可以看到RabbitMQ的管理界面，到这里就完成安装部署了。

RabbitMQ代码示例

服务端搭建完后，我们就要开始客户端的操作，接下来用一个简单示例来演示一下，首先我们引入maven依赖：

	<dependency>
	    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
	</dependency>

创建一个公共配置类，用来共享一些配置，比如队列主题，交换机名称，路由匹配键名称等等。

	public class RabbitMQConfig {

		/**
		 * RabbitMQ的队列主题名称
		 */
		public static final String RABBITMQ_DEMO_TOPIC = "rabbitmq.demo.topic";

		/**
		 * RabbitMQ的DIRECT交换机名称
		 */
		public static final String RABBITMQ_DEMO_DIRECT_EXCHANGE = "rabbitmq.demo.direct.exchange";

		/**
		 * RabbitMQ的DIRECT交换机和队列绑定的匹配键 DirectRouting
		 */
		public static final String RABBITMQ_DEMO_DIRECT_ROUTING = "rabbitmq.demo.direct.routing";

		/**
		 * RabbitMQ的DIRECT交换机��队列绑定的匹配键 DirectRouting(用于测试ReturnCallback)
		 */
		public static final String RABBITMQ_DEMO_DIRECT_ROUTING_RETURN_CALLBACK = "rabbitmq.demo.direct.routing.return";

		/**
		 * RabbitMQ的DIRECT交换机名称(用于测试ConfirmCallback)
		 */
		public static final String RABBITMQ_DEMO_DIRECT_EXCHANGE_CONFIRM_CALLBACK = "rabbitmq.demo.direct.exchange.confirm";

		 /**
		 * RabbitMQ的死信交换机名称
		 */
		public static final String RABBITMQ_DEAD_DIRECT_EXCHANGE = "rabbitmq.dead.direct.exchange";

		/**
		 * RabbitMQ的死信交换机和队列绑定的匹配键 DirectRouting
		 */
		public static final String RABBITMQ_DEAD_DIRECT_ROUTING = "rabbitmq.dead.direct.routing";
	}

然后在application.yml上配置RabbitMQ相应的配置信息，端口15672为网页管理，5672为AMQP端口

	spring:
	  rabbitmq: #rabbitmq相关配置
		host: 127.0.0.1
		port: 5672
		username: guest
		password: guest

创建一个Direct交换机以及队列的配置

	@Component
	@Configuration
	public class DirectRabbitConfig {

		@Bean
		public Queue rabbitmqDemoDirectQueue() {
			/**
			 * 1、name:    队列名称
			 * 2、durable: 是否持久化
			 * 3、exclusive: 是否独享、排外的。如果设置为true，定义为排他队列。则只有创建者可以使用此队列。也就是private私有的。
			 * 4、autoDelete: 是否自动删除。也就是临时队列。当最后一个消费者断开连接后，会自动删除。
			 * */
			return new Queue(RabbitMQConfig.RABBITMQ_DEMO_TOPIC, true, false, false);
		}

		@Bean
		public DirectExchange rabbitmqDemoDirectExchange() {
			//Direct交换机
			return new DirectExchange(RabbitMQConfig.RABBITMQ_DEMO_DIRECT_EXCHANGE, true, false);
		}

		@Bean
		public Binding bindDirect() {
			//链式写法，绑定交换机和队列，并设置匹配键
			return BindingBuilder
					//绑定队列
					.bind(rabbitmqDemoDirectQueue())
					//到交换机
					.to(rabbitmqDemoDirectExchange())
					//并设置匹配键
					.with(RabbitMQConfig.RABBITMQ_DEMO_DIRECT_ROUTING);
		}
	}

然后创建一个发送消息的Service类

	public interface RabbitMQService {
		public String sendMsg(String msg);
	}


	@Service
	public class RabbitMQServiceImpl implements RabbitMQService {
		//日期格式化
		private static SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HHss");

		@Resource
		private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

		@Override
		public String sendMsg(String msg) {
			try {
				String msgId = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "").substring(0, 32);
				String sendTime = simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
				Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
				map.put("msgId", msgId);
				map.put("sendTime", sendTime);
				map.put("msg", msg);
				rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.RABBITMQ_DEMO_DIRECT_EXCHANGE, RabbitMQConfig.RABBITMQ_DEMO_DIRECT_ROUTING, map);
				return "ok";
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				return "error";
			}
		}
	}

然后我们写一个Controller来模拟业务发送消息。

	@RestController
	@RequestMapping("/test/rabbitmq")
	public class RabbitMQController {
		@Resource
		private RabbitMQService rabbitMQService;
		/**
		 * 发送消息
		 */
		@PostMapping("/sendMsg")
		public String sendMsg(@RequestParam(name = "msg") String msg) {
			return rabbitMQService.sendMsg(msg);
		}
	}

这时我们在写消费者代码，创建消费者类，然后@RabbitListener注解写上监听队列的名称。

	@Component
	public class RabbitMQConsumer {

		enum Action {
			//处理成功
			SUCCESS,
			//可以重试的错误，消息重回队列
			RETRY,
			//无需重试的错误，拒绝消息，并从队列中删除
			REJECT
		}

		@RabbitHandler
		@RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue(RabbitMQConfig.RABBITMQ_DEMO_TOPIC))
		public void process(Map msg, Message message, Channel channel) {
			 System.out.println("消费者RabbitDemoConsumer从RabbitMQ服务端消费消息：" + JSON.toJSONString(msg));
		}
	}

然后我们启动程序，通过idea自带的测试工具访问接口